Fehlermeldung bei sudo apt install ./nvim-linux64.deb trying to overwrite '/usr/share/applications/nvim.desktop', which is also in package neovim-runtime 0.6.1-3 dpkg-deb: error: paste subprocess was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Loesung: ```bash sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite ./nvim-linux64.deb ``` [quelle: https://askubuntu.com/a/1062184](https://askubuntu.com/a/1062184) # Eigene Applikation erstellen zb Postman: [](https://bookstack.eike-f.de/uploads/images/gallery/2023-04/7l2image.png) \*.desktop File unter /usr/share/applications erstellen: [](https://bookstack.eike-f.de/uploads/images/gallery/2023-04/uZzimage.png) ```bash [Desktop Entry] Encoding=UTF-8 Name=Postman Exec=/path/to/Downloads/Postman/app/Postman %U Icon=/path/to/Downloads/Postman/app/resources/app/assets/icon.png Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Development; ```Erfolg
[](https://bookstack.eike-f.de/uploads/images/gallery/2023-04/EZoimage.png) # .AppImage Dateien dauerhaft installieren [https://github.com/TheAssassin/AppImageLauncher](https://github.com/TheAssassin/AppImageLauncher) [https://github.com/TheAssassin/AppImageLauncher/wiki/Install-on-Ubuntu-or-Debian](https://github.com/TheAssassin/AppImageLauncher/wiki/Install-on-Ubuntu-or-Debian) AppImageLauncher installieren: ```bash sudo apt install software-properties-common sudo add-apt-repository ppa:appimagelauncher-team/stable sudo apt update sudo apt install appimagelauncher ``` # SD-Karte formatieren Mit ```bash df -h ``` die device ID herausfinden: [](https://wiki.folkerts.it/uploads/images/gallery/2023-07/image.png) fdisk verwenden, falls unklar: ``` fdisk -l ``` dann mit ``` sudo umount /dev/sde ``` die SD-Karte auswerfern, danach mit ``` sudo mkfs.vfat -n 'Miyoo' -I /dev/sde ``` die Karte als FAT32 formatieren [](https://wiki.folkerts.it/uploads/images/gallery/2023-07/RKdimage.png) HINWEIS:mkfs.vfat = FAT32 mkfs.ntfs = NTFS mkfs.ext4 = EXT4
# CPU Stresstest Linux `apt install stress` ``` stress --cpu 6 --timeout 10 ``` [](https://wiki.folkerts.it/uploads/images/gallery/2023-08/image.png) # Java unter Linux mit sdkman installieren [https://sdkman.io/](https://sdkman.io/) [](https://wiki.folkerts.it/uploads/images/gallery/2023-08/6Eximage.png) `curl -s "https://get.sdkman.io" | bash` `source "/home/e1ke/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh"` [](https://wiki.folkerts.it/uploads/images/gallery/2023-08/9oQimage.png) `sdk list java` dann zb `sdk install java 11.0.20-tem` # Screen shortcuts [https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Screen/](https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Screen/) Screen erstellen: `screen -S MeinScreen` Aus Screen detachen: `STRG+A, danach D` Screens auflisten: `screen -ls` in Screen eintauchen: `screen -rx MeinScreen` # Ubuntu Server root pw `sudo passwd root` # ctop unter Ubuntu 24.04 (Noble Numbat) installierenObacht: ctop ist veraltet, verwende daher [lazydocker](https://github.com/jesseduffield/lazydocker) oder [gomanagedocker](https://github.com/ajayd-san/gomanagedocker) stattdessen.
Obacht: die offizielle Installationsmethode klappt nicht (siehe unten). Verwende stattdessen folgende Befehle:
## ctop ```bash #arm: sudo wget https://github.com/bcicen/ctop/releases/download/v0.7.7/ctop-0.7.7-linux-arm64 -O /usr/local/bin/ctop #amd64: sudo wget https://github.com/bcicen/ctop/releases/download/v0.7.7/ctop-0.7.7-linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/ctop #kann auch sein, dass es in /usr/bin/ctop (ohne local) muss also #arm: sudo wget https://github.com/bcicen/ctop/releases/download/v0.7.7/ctop-0.7.7-linux-arm64 -O /usr/bin/ctop #amd64: sudo wget https://github.com/bcicen/ctop/releases/download/v0.7.7/ctop-0.7.7-linux-amd64 -O /usr/bin/ctop ``` ```bash sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/ctop #bzw. sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/ctop ``` ``` ctop ``` = [](https://wiki.folkerts.it/uploads/images/gallery/2024-07/u8himage.png) ## Problem mit offizieller Installationsanleitung Befehl zum installieren von [https://github.com/bcicen/ctop](https://github.com/bcicen/ctop) ``` sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release curl -fsSL https://azlux.fr/repo.gpg.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/azlux-archive-keyring.gpg echo \ "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/azlux-archive-keyring.gpg] http://packages.azlux.fr/debian \ $(lsb_release -cs) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/azlux.list >/dev/null sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install docker-ctop ``` Fehlermeldung ```bash root@ubuntu-praxistool-arm64:~# sudo apt-get update Hit:1 https://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/packages noble InRelease Hit:2 https://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/packages noble-updates InRelease Hit:3 https://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/packages noble-backports InRelease Hit:4 https://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/security noble-security InRelease Hit:5 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu noble InRelease Ign:6 http://packages.azlux.fr/debian noble InRelease Err:7 http://packages.azlux.fr/debian noble Release 404 Not Found [IP: 2a01:728:401:1c::100 80] Reading package lists... Done E: The repository 'http://packages.azlux.fr/debian noble Release' does not have a Release file. N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details. ``` # Hetzner apt update: failed to fetch Fehler bei `apt update` auf einem Hetzner arm Server: ``` E: Failed to fetch https://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/packages/dists/jammy-updates/main/binary-arm64/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 2a01:4ff:ff00::3:3 443] E: Failed to fetch https://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/packages/dists/jammy-backports/main/binary-arm64/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 2a01:4ff:ff00::3:3 443] E: Failed to fetch https://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/security/dists/jammy-security/main/binary-arm64/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 2a01:4ff:ff00::3:3 443] E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead. ``` Lösung: [https://www.reddit.com/r/hetzner/comments/1f3iz9f/e\_failed\_to\_fetch\_httpsmirrorhetzner\_when\_doing/](https://www.reddit.com/r/hetzner/comments/1f3iz9f/e_failed_to_fetch_httpsmirrorhetzner_when_doing/) ``` Fixed with this: Run command: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources Scroll down until you find URI:s like this: URIs: https://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/packages URIs: https://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu/security Change them to: URIs: https://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu-ports/packages URIs: https://mirror.hetzner.com/ubuntu-ports/security ctrl x to save the file and press y if asked Now doing updates should work. >> I had to edit the `/etc/apt/sources.list` file instead of `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources` in the Arm based Ubuntu Machine that I was running. Posting this as it might help someone. ``` also `nano /etc/apt/sources.list` > alle links mit hetzner.com/ubuntu/... in .../ubuntu-ports/... ändern # Basiskonfiguration Ubuntu vServer ### aktualisiert am 09.12.25 ### Passwort und SSH ``` apt update apt upgrade passwd vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config #rauten weg bei permitrootlogin prohibit-password, strictmode yes und pubkeyaut yes ``` ### Docker ```bash curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh sudo sh get-docker.sh ``` alternativ über apt: ``` # Add Docker's official GPG key: sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc # Add the repository to Apt sources: echo \ "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \ $(. /etc/os-release && echo "${UBUNTU_CODENAME:-$VERSION_CODENAME}") stable" | \ sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin ``` ### Fail2Ban ``` apt install fail2ban cp /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf /etc/fail2ban/jail.local vim /etc/fail2ban/jail.local systemctl start fail2ban.service systemctl enable fail2ban.service ``` ### Portainer ``` #FIREWALL VORHER KONFIGURIEREN, SODASS KEIN ANDERER AUF DIE PORTAINER WEB-UI KOMMT #--> Port 9443 nur von meiner pub-ip erreichbar machen docker volume create portainer_data docker run -d -p 8000:8000 -p 9443:9443 --name portainer --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v portainer_data:/data portainer/portainer-ce:lts ``` # Große Ordner löschen (rm -rf) ### Mit `rm` (inklusive Fortschrittsanzeige und Log) [https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/255190/is-it-possible-to-determine-the-progress-of-an-rm-command](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/255190/is-it-possible-to-determine-the-progress-of-an-rm-command) Eikes Variante, um nur den Inhalt zu löschen und nicht den Ordner selbst (/\* am Ende des Pfades hinter den Anführungszeichen): ``` rm -rfv "/ordner/mit/leerzeichen dazwischen/testordner"/* | pv -l -s $( du -a "/ordner/mit/leerzeichen dazwischen/testordner"/* | wc -l ) > /dev/null ``` I get the progress bar using `pv` command line [Pipe Viewer](http://www.ivarch.com/programs/pv.shtml) This is the command ``` rm -rv DIR_OR_FILE_NAME | pv -l -s $( du -a DIR_OR_FILE_NAME | wc -l ) > /dev/null ``` If you need root permissions for the dir or file to delete, ``` sudo rm -rv DIR_OR_FILE_NAME | pv -l -s $( sudo du -a DIR_OR_FILE_NAME | wc -l ) > /dev/null ``` - `rm -rv`: `-r` to recursively remove DIRs and files. `-v` verbose it lists all the files and directories that is removing. - `pv -l -s`: `-l` to count lines instead of bytes. `-s` set the total lines to be removed. - `$( du -aObacht! Nicht apt install rclone verwenden, weil alte Version, sondern zum installieren:
``` sudo -v ; curl https://rclone.org/install.sh | sudo bash ``` Eikes cmd mit Datum+Uhrzeit im Logfile + leere Verzeichnisse mitsynchronisieren: ``` rclone sync onedrive-pl: /mnt/praxis-volume-01/onedrive-pl --log-file /home/onedrive-rclone-sync/log_$(date +'%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S').txt --log-level INFO --create-empty-src-dirs --progress ``` 1\) onedrive mit rclone konfigurieren ``` rclone config ``` für OneDrive folgende Anleitung verwenden: [https://rclone.org/onedrive/](https://rclone.org/onedrive/) 2\) auflisten der dateien mit ``` # alle ordner in top-level onedrive auflisten rclone lsd onedrive-pl: # alle dateien gesamt auflisten (abbrechen mit STRG+C) rclone ls onedrive-pl: # alle mit mir geteilten ordner anzeigen rclone lsf onedrive-pl: --drive-shared-with-me ``` [](https://wiki.folkerts.it/uploads/images/gallery/2024-12/lAFimage.png) 3\) synchronisieren zu pfad ``` rclone sync onedrive-pl: /lokaler/pfad --drive-shared-with-me ``` oder mit Bandbreitenbegrenzung: ``` rclone sync onedrive-pl: /lokaler/pfad --drive-shared-with-me --bwlimit 10M --progress ``` oder erstmal als dry run (testdurchlauf) ``` rclone sync onedrive-pl: /lokaler/pfad --drive-shared-with-me --bwlimit 10M --progress --dry-run ``` oder mit logfile ``` rclone sync onedrive-pl: /lokaler/pfad --drive-shared-with-me --bwlimit 10M --log-file /path/to/log.txt --log-level INFO --progress ``` ## mounten ``` rclone mount sftp-remote-01:/ /mnt/rclone-sftp/remote-01 --vfs-cache-mode writes --daemon ``` [https://rclone.org/commands/rclone\_mount/](https://rclone.org/commands/rclone_mount/) ## Troubleshoot fusermount: user has no write access to mountpoint /data fusermount3: user has no write access to mountpoint /mnt... [https://github.com/tynor88/docker-rclone-mount/issues/2#issuecomment-470129261](https://github.com/tynor88/docker-rclone-mount/issues/2#issuecomment-470129261) Lösung: `chmod 777 /mnt/disks/rclone_volume` VolumeDriver.Mount: failed to mount FUSE fs: fusermount: exec: "fusermount3": executable file not found in $PATH [https://github.com/rclone/rclone/issues/6844#issuecomment-1474183838](https://github.com/rclone/rclone/issues/6844#issuecomment-1474183838) Lösung: `sudo apt install fuse3` failed to parse private key file: ssh: key is not password protected Lösung: aktuellste Version von rclone installieren # rsync rsync ist ein Tool, um Dateien zu kopieren.zum Testen kann ein --dry-run am Ende des cmd angefügt werden
``` rsync -aPh --info=progress2 --info=name0 --ignore-existing --log-file=/home/root/rsync.log "/mnt/START" "/mnt/ZIEL" ``` oder auch ``` rsync -aPhzv --delete --info=progress2 --bwlimit=2048 --log-file="/home/rsync_$(date +'%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M').log" --exclude data/pl-admin --exclude data/appdata_ockpw9aiwppb /mnt/praxis-volume-01/docker-data/volumes/nextcloud_db/_data/ /mnt/pl-hz-03/mnt/praxis-volume-03/docker-data/volumes/nextcloud_db/_data/ ``` Eikes Empfehlung für **Spiegelung**: ``` rsync -aPhv --info=progress2 --log-file="/home/rsync_$(date +'%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M').log" /mnt/volume-01/docker-data/volumes/ /mnt/volume-02/docker-data/volumes/ ``` Eikes Empfehlung für **Kopiervorgang** (vorhanden Dateien im Zielverzeichnis bleiben erhalten): ``` rsync -aPhv --info=progress2 --ignore-existing --log-file="/home/rsync_$(date +'%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M').log" /mnt/volume-01/docker-data/volumes/ /mnt/volume-02/docker-data/volumes/ ```amdgpu: Fatal error during GPU init
[](https://wiki.folkerts.it/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/9Zqimage.png) also unter [https://www.amd.com/en/support/download/linux-drivers.html](https://www.amd.com/en/support/download/linux-drivers.html) aktuellste Treiber für mein Ubuntu 24.04.03 heruntergeladen ``` sudo -i wget https://repo.radeon.com/amdgpu-install/30.20.1/ubuntu/noble/amdgpu-install_7.1.1.70101-1_all.deb chmod +x ./amdgpu-install_7.1.1.70101-1_all.deb apt install ./amdgpu-install_7.1.1.70101-1_all.deb amdgpu-install reboot ``` danach ``` sudo dmesg | grep "amdgpu.*memory" ``` [](https://wiki.folkerts.it/uploads/images/gallery/2025-12/Lbqimage.png) ## Richtiges Ollama Dockerimage wählen Für AMD GPUs muss das RCOm Image verwendet werden: [https://hub.docker.com/r/ollama/ollama/tags?name=rocm](https://hub.docker.com/r/ollama/ollama/tags?name=rocm) # Proxmox PVE statische IP Proxmox > Node > System > DNS > Edit [](https://wiki.folkerts.it/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/image.png) damit wird immer die /etc/resolv.conf überschrieben: [](https://wiki.folkerts.it/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/QWIimage.png) danach nano /etc/network/interfaces ``` auto lo iface lo inet loopback iface eno1 inet manual auto vmbr0 iface vmbr0 inet static address 10.1.1.69/24 gateway 10.1.1.1 dns-nameservers 10.1.1.1 8.8.8.8 bridge-ports eno1 bridge-stp off bridge-fd 0 iface wlp0s20f3 inet manual source /etc/network/interfaces.d/* ``` systemctl restart networking # SSH-Agent mit Bitwarden Guide: [https://bitwarden.com/help/ssh-agent/#tab-linux-6VN1DmoAVFvm7ZWD95curS](https://bitwarden.com/help/ssh-agent/#tab-linux-6VN1DmoAVFvm7ZWD95curS) ## Kurzfassung Bitwarden Desktop installieren > In den Bitwarden Programm Settings den SSH-Agent aktivieren ```bash # Bitwarden SSH-Agent aktivieren export SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/home/| Conversion specifier | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|
| `%%` | Writes a literal `%` character. | |
| `%n` | Writes a newline character. | |
| `%t` | Writes a horizontal tab character. | |
| Time of day | ||
| `%H` `%OH` | Writes the hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number. If the result is a single digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command `%OH` writes the locale's alternative representation. | |
| `%I` `%OI` | Writes the hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number. If the result is a single digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command `%OI` writes the locale's alternative representation. | |
| `%M` `%OM` | Writes the minute as a decimal number. If the result is a single digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command `%OM` writes the locale's alternative representation. | |
| `%S` `%OS` | Writes the second as a decimal number. If the number of seconds is less than 10, the result is prefixed with 0. If the precision of the input cannot be exactly represented with seconds, then the format is a decimal floating-point number with a fixed format and a precision matching that of the precision of the input (or to a microseconds precision if the conversion to floating-point decimal seconds cannot be made within 18 fractional digits). The character for the decimal point is localized according to the locale. The modified command `%OS` writes the locale's alternative representation. | |
| `%p` | Writes the locale's equivalent of the AM/PM designations associated with a 12-hour clock. | |
| `%R` | Equivalent to `"%H:%M"`. | |
| `%T` | Equivalent to `"%H:%M:%S"`. | |
| `%r` | Writes the locale's 12-hour clock time. | |
| `%X` `%EX` | Writes the locale's time representation. The modified command `%EX` writes the locale's alternate time representation. | |
| Duration count | ||
| `%Q` | Writes the count of ticks of the duration, i.e. the value obtained via [count()](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/duration/count.html "cpp/chrono/duration/count"). | |
| `%q` | Writes the unit suffix of the duration, as specified in [operator<<()](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/duration/operator_ltlt.html "cpp/chrono/duration/operator ltlt"). | |
| Conversion specifier | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|
| Year | ||
| `%C` `%EC` | Writes the year divided by 100 using floored division. If the result is a single decimal digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command `%EC` writes the locale's alternative representation of the century. | |
| `%y` `%Oy` `%Ey` | Writes the last two decimal digits of the year. If the result is a single digit it is prefixed by 0. The modified command `%Oy` writes the locale's alternative representation. The modified command `%Ey` writes the locale's alternative representation of offset from `%EC` (year only). | |
| `%Y` `%EY` | Writes the year as a decimal number. If the result is less than four digits it is left-padded with 0 to four digits. The modified command `%EY` writes the locale's alternative full year representation. | |
| Month | ||
| `%b` `%h` | Writes the locale's abbreviated month name. | |
| `%B` | Writes the locale's full month name. | |
| `%m` `%Om` | Writes the month as a decimal number (January is `01`). If the result is a single digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command `%Om` writes the locale's alternative representation. | |
| Day | ||
| `%d` `%Od` | Writes the day of month as a decimal number. If the result is a single decimal digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command `%Od` writes the locale's alternative representation. | |
| `%e` `%Oe` | Writes the day of month as a decimal number. If the result is a single decimal digit, it is prefixed with a space. The modified command `%Oe` writes the locale's alternative representation. | |
| Day of the week | ||
| `%a` | Writes the locale's abbreviated weekday name. | |
| `%A` | Writes the locale's full weekday name. | |
| `%u` `%Ou` | Writes the ISO weekday as a decimal number (1-7), where Monday is `1`. The modified command `%Ou` writes the locale's alternative representation. | |
| `%w` `%Ow` | Writes the weekday as a decimal number (0-6), where Sunday is `0`. The modified command `%Ow` writes the locale's alternative representation. | |
| ISO 8601 week-based year | ||
| In ISO 8601 weeks begin with Monday and the first week of the year must satisfy the following requirements: - Includes January 4 - Includes first Thursday of the year | ||
| `%g` | Writes the last two decimal digits of the ISO 8601 week-based year. If the result is a single digit it is prefixed by 0. | |
| `%G` | Writes the ISO 8601 week-based year as a decimal number. If the result is less than four digits it is left-padded with 0 to four digits. | |
| `%V` `%OV` | Writes the ISO 8601 week of the year as a decimal number. If the result is a single digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command `%OV` writes the locale's alternative representation. | |
| Week/day of the year | ||
| `%j` | Writes the day of the year as a decimal number (January 1 is `001`). If the result is less than three digits, it is left-padded with 0 to three digits. | |
| `%U` `%OU` | Writes the week number of the year as a decimal number. The first Sunday of the year is the first day of week 01. Days of the same year prior to that are in week 00. If the result is a single digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command `%OU` writes the locale's alternative representation. | |
| `%W` `%OW` | Writes the week number of the year as a decimal number. The first Monday of the year is the first day of week 01. Days of the same year prior to that are in week 00. If the result is a single digit, it is prefixed with 0. The modified command `%OW` writes the locale's alternative representation. | |
| Date | ||
| `%D` | Equivalent to `"%m/%d/%y"`. | |
| `%F` | Equivalent to `"%Y-%m-%d"`. | |
| `%x` `%Ex` | Writes the locale's date representation. The modified command `%Ex` produces the locale's alternate date representation. | |
| Time zone | ||
| `%z` `%Ez` `%Oz` | Writes the offset from UTC in the ISO 8601 format. For example `-0430` refers to 4 hours 30 minutes behind UTC. If the offset is zero, `+0000` is used. The modified commands `%Ez` and `%Oz` insert a `:` between the hours and minutes (e.g., `-04:30`). | |
| `%Z` | Writes the time zone abbreviation. | |
| Miscellaneous | ||
| `%c` `%Ec` | Writes the locale's date and time representation. The modified command `%Ec` writes the locale's alternative date and time representation. | |